”: Imasmin sati idam hoti; imasmin asati idam na hoti; Imass’uppada idam uppajjati; imassa nirodha idam nifujjhati. Whenever A is present, B is present; whenever A is absent, B is absent; From the arising of A, B arises; from the cessation of A, B ceases. 缘起,梵文pratityasamutpady, 意思是“由彼此关涉而生起”,也就是说,现象界中,没有孤立存在的事物,都是彼此关涉、对待而生起、存在的。
2. 利己主义 每一众生都有离苦得乐的愿望!在西方,曾经盛行着“马斯洛”理论,提出了生理需求、安全需求、社交需求、尊重需求、自我实现需求,就反映了人们对美好生命的渴求。但是,根据缘起的法理,要获取清净安乐的生命是必须和清净的因缘一致的。greed(lobha),aversion(dosa) and delusion(moha)等恶法相应,便会出现被称为“unskillful(akusala) or morally unwholesome 的 volitional action, 导致impair the mental health and reduce the mind’s mind.对此,佛陀作了详细的论述: What is unskillful? Taking life is unskillful, taking what is not given…sexual misconduct…lying…abusive speech…divisive talebearing…idle chatter is unskillful. Covetousness…ill will…wrong views are unskillful. These things are called unskillful… 毫无疑问,被称为unskillful的杀生,从“因果循环”而言,是无论如何也不会和清净安乐相应的,而且还会由于和受害者结下恶缘,将来痛苦不堪;即使是现生,哪怕是胜利了,同样毫无利益可言,可谓两败俱伤,因此佛陀才会说: The victor begets enmity. The vanquished dwells in sorrow. The tranquilled lives happily, abandoning both victory and defeat.
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